Meso-scale meteorological numerical model WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) and the Fitch Wake model are adopted to reveal the intension and patch range of TWE (turbine wake effect) in various atmospheric stability, as well as the impact of different turbine configuration on utilization efficiency of wind energy. Case studies are conducted over Poyang Lake region. The results are as followed. Horizontally, the patch range of a single wind turbine’s TWE can reach 4 to 10 km downward, with a reduction in wind speed ranging from −0.2 to −1.2 m/s under different atmospheric instability. The reduction in wind speed is more severe with more turbines on the stream track. Among the five cases with different turbine location configuration, the wind speed reducing effect in square case (intensively distributed) is much more apparent than others, while the wind speed in TWE patch tends to recover quickly in hollow diamond case (sparsely distributed). Compared with unstable atmospheric stratification, the TWE under stable atmospheric stratification has a longer patch range, because the turbulent exchange of momentum is intenser in unstable stratification than that in stable stratification. Vertically, the QKE (twice of turbulent kinetic energy) at the wind turbine spot peaks in the core. QKE increases to its maximum value of 19 m²/s² and then decreases to around zero. The maximum QKE appears at the level of about 90 m above ground level, while the vertical impact of TWE can be traced to a height of 1.1 km.

Aimed at providing efficient training data for neural translation quality estimation model, a pseudo data construction method for target dataset is proposed, the model is trained by two stage model training method: pre training based on pseudo data and fine tuning. The experimental design of different pseudo data scale is carried out. The experiment results show that the machine translation quality estimation model trained by the pseudo data has significantly improved in the correlation between the scores given by human and the artificial scores.

To investigate the effects of experimental nitrogen additions on the species diversity of the forest understory, the authors measured the plant diversity of the primary and the secondary tropical mountain rain forests, the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, the temperate broad leaf-coniferous mixed forest and the cold temperate coniferous forest before and after N additions. Results showed that 1-year N addition significantly reduced the species richness in the primary and the secondary tropical mountain rain forests and the effects of N additions would be increased with the concentration of N additions (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the high-concentration N addition also reduced the species richness, but low-concentration N addition increased the species richness in the temperate broad leaf-coniferous mixed forest. In addition, N additions increased species richness in the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and the cold temperate coniferous forest (except for the high-concentration), but not significant. Moreover, the changes of Shannon-Wiener index responded to N additions have the similar trend with the change of species richness. The results suggested that nitrogen deposition changed biodiversity in the understory forests, but effects of N addition on biodiversity differ among the dfferent forests in China. Inconsistent with the general view, N addition reduced biodiversity in some forests but increased biodiversity in the others.

The authors present a drive and sense interface for MEMS vibratory gyroscopes. A gm-stage and a TIA are employed as the first stage to achieve low-noise C/V conversion. The signals of both drive mode and sense mode are converted to digital domain by integrated 1.25 MS/s 14-bit SAR-ADCs. With this strategy, the complexity of the analog circuit is reduced, and the signal in digital domain can be manipulated more accurately. The interface is applicable for the MEMS gyroscopes whose resonant frequency is from 3 kHz to 15 kHz. The circuit is designed in a 0.18μm CMOS process. Experimental results show that the capacitive noise density of the output is achieved to 0.03 aF/√Hz at 3.5 kHz.

Gold nanoparticles with various diameters were synthesized by chemical reduction. UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the morphology and the size of the prepared Au nanoparticles. The effects of factors, such as the type of the reducing agent, the amount of the reducing reagent, reagent adding order and reaction temperature on the stability, radius, morphology and dispersion of Au nanoparticles were studied. The results show that the size of Au nanoparticles prepared with Na₃C₆H₅O₇ as a reductant was within the range of 15~20 nm, and the size of Au nanoparticles prepared with NaBH₄ as a reducing agent was within the range of 3~10 nm. The optimum molar ratio of Na₃C₆H₅O₇ and HAuCl4 was 1.5:1. The gold nanoparticles prepared after adding HAuCl₄ to the hot mixture of Na₃C₆H₅O₇ and poly vingl pyrrolidone (PVP) solution were better dispersed, smaller in size and more uniform, compared with that prepared after adding Na₃C₆H₅O₇ to the hot mixture of HAuCl₄ and PVP solution.

Based on 6.4 million chars of Chinese ancient poetry, the “Computer aided research system of Chinese ancient poems” provides a word-based analysis platform of Chinese ancient poems. More than 50000 Chinese words, including 40814 multi-char words, were extracted from the corpora via statistic method. Besides the full text retrieving function, the system also provide word-based statistic analysis, sentence based similarity retrieving, automatic Pinyin tagging and some other useful functions to benefit the profound analysis of the Chinese ancient poems. The National Social Science Foundation of China 1998-1999 funded the project.